Over 30 years of research on crushed salt as a barrier material: fundamental findings and open questions
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany
Kristoff Svensson
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany
Ben Laurich
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany
Johanna Lippmann-Pipke
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany
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Larissa Friedenberg, Jeroen Bartol, James Bean, Steffen Beese, Hendrik Bollmann, Hans J. P. de Bresser, Jibril Coulibaly, Oliver Czaikowski, Uwe Düsterloh, Ralf Eickemeier, Ann-Kathrin Gartzke, Suzanne Hangx, Ben Laurich, Christian Lerch, Svetlana Lerche, Wenting Liu, Christoph Lüdeling, Melissa M. Mills, Nina Müller-Hoeppe, Bart van Oosterhout, Till Popp, Ole Rabbel, Michael Rahmig, Benjamin Reedlunn, Christopher Rölke, Christopher Spiers, Kristoff Svensson, Jan Thiedau, and Kornelia Zemke
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 2, 109–111, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-109-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-109-2023, 2023
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For the deep geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste in rock salt formations, the safety concept includes the backfilling of open cavities with crushed salt. For the prognosis of the sealing function of the backfill for the safe containment of the nuclear waste, it is crucial to have a comprehensive process understanding of the crushed-salt compaction behavior. The KOMPASS projects were initiated to improve the scientific knowledge of using crushed salt as backfill material.
Larissa Friedenberg, James Bean, Oliver Czaikowski, Uwe Düsterloh, Nina Müller-Hoeppe, Ben Laurich, Christian Lerch, Svetlana Lerche, Christoph Lüdeling, Melissa Mills, Till Popp, Benjamin Reedlunn, Dieter Stührenberg, Kristoff Svensson, Kornelia Zemke, and Juan Zhao
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 121–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-121-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-121-2021, 2021
Kristoff Svensson, Kornelia Zemke, and Ben Laurich
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 131–132, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-131-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-131-2021, 2021
Larissa Friedenberg, Jeroen Bartol, James Bean, Steffen Beese, Hendrik Bollmann, Hans J. P. de Bresser, Jibril Coulibaly, Oliver Czaikowski, Uwe Düsterloh, Ralf Eickemeier, Ann-Kathrin Gartzke, Suzanne Hangx, Ben Laurich, Christian Lerch, Svetlana Lerche, Wenting Liu, Christoph Lüdeling, Melissa M. Mills, Nina Müller-Hoeppe, Bart van Oosterhout, Till Popp, Ole Rabbel, Michael Rahmig, Benjamin Reedlunn, Christopher Rölke, Christopher Spiers, Kristoff Svensson, Jan Thiedau, and Kornelia Zemke
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 2, 109–111, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-109-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-109-2023, 2023
Short summary
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For the deep geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste in rock salt formations, the safety concept includes the backfilling of open cavities with crushed salt. For the prognosis of the sealing function of the backfill for the safe containment of the nuclear waste, it is crucial to have a comprehensive process understanding of the crushed-salt compaction behavior. The KOMPASS projects were initiated to improve the scientific knowledge of using crushed salt as backfill material.
Larissa Friedenberg, James Bean, Oliver Czaikowski, Uwe Düsterloh, Nina Müller-Hoeppe, Ben Laurich, Christian Lerch, Svetlana Lerche, Christoph Lüdeling, Melissa Mills, Till Popp, Benjamin Reedlunn, Dieter Stührenberg, Kristoff Svensson, Kornelia Zemke, and Juan Zhao
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 121–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-121-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-121-2021, 2021
Kristoff Svensson, Kornelia Zemke, and Ben Laurich
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 131–132, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-131-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-131-2021, 2021
Gesa Ziefle, Tuanny Cajuhi, Sebastian Condamin, Stephan Costabel, Oliver Czaikowski, Antoine Fourriére, Larissa Friedenberg, Markus Furche, Nico Graebling, Bastian Graupner, Jürgen Hesser, David Jaeggi, Kyra Jantschik, Tilo Kneuker, Olaf Kolditz, Franz Königer, Herbert Kunz, Ben Laurich, Jobst Maßmann, Christian Ostertag-Henning, Dorothee Rebscher, Karsten Rink, Wolfram Rühaak, Senecio Schefer, Rainer Schuhmann, Marc Wengler, and Klaus Wieczorek
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 79–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-79-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-79-2021, 2021
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Ben Laurich, Jürgen Hesser, Sibylle Mayr, Lisa Winhausen, Amin Ghanizadeh, Antonia Nitsch, Julia Leuthold, Christian Weber, and Garri Gaus
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 299–300, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-299-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-299-2021, 2021
Ben Laurich, Janos L. Urai, Christian Vollmer, and Christophe Nussbaum
Solid Earth, 9, 1–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1-2018, 2018
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In Switzerland, the Opalinus Clay (OPA) formation is favored to host a repository for nuclear waste. Thus, we must know its deformation behavior. In this study, we focused on the microstructure of gouge, a thin (< 2 cm), drastically strained clay layer at the so-called Main Fault in the Mont Terri rock laboratory. We suggest that in situ gouge deforms in a more viscous manner than undeformed OPA in laboratory conditions. Moreover, we speculate about the origin and evolution of the gouge layer.
Ben Laurich, Janos L. Urai, and Christophe Nussbaum
Solid Earth, 8, 27–44, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-27-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-27-2017, 2017
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Scaly clay is a well-known rock fabric that can develop in tectonic systems and that can alter the physical rock properties of a formation. However, the internal microstructure and evolution of this fabric remain poorly understood. We examined the scaly microstructure of progressively faulted Opalinus Clay using optical as well as scanning electron microscopy. We show that as little as 1 vol.% in scaly clay aggregates is strained and present an evolutionary model for this.