Workshop: Best-practice for laboratory testing low-permeable materials
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hanover, Germany
Jürgen Hesser
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hanover, Germany
Sibylle Mayr
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hanover, Germany
Lisa Winhausen
Institute for Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Amin Ghanizadeh
Department of Geosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Antonia Nitsch
Institute for Soil Mechanics, Foundation Engineering and Environmental Geotechnics, University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Julia Leuthold
Institute for Soil and Rock Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Christian Weber
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hanover, Germany
Garri Gaus
Institute for Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH-Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Larissa Friedenberg, Jeroen Bartol, James Bean, Steffen Beese, Hendrik Bollmann, Hans J. P. de Bresser, Jibril Coulibaly, Oliver Czaikowski, Uwe Düsterloh, Ralf Eickemeier, Ann-Kathrin Gartzke, Suzanne Hangx, Ben Laurich, Christian Lerch, Svetlana Lerche, Wenting Liu, Christoph Lüdeling, Melissa M. Mills, Nina Müller-Hoeppe, Bart van Oosterhout, Till Popp, Ole Rabbel, Michael Rahmig, Benjamin Reedlunn, Christopher Rölke, Christopher Spiers, Kristoff Svensson, Jan Thiedau, and Kornelia Zemke
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In Switzerland, the Opalinus Clay (OPA) formation is favored to host a repository for nuclear waste. Thus, we must know its deformation behavior. In this study, we focused on the microstructure of gouge, a thin (< 2 cm), drastically strained clay layer at the so-called Main Fault in the Mont Terri rock laboratory. We suggest that in situ gouge deforms in a more viscous manner than undeformed OPA in laboratory conditions. Moreover, we speculate about the origin and evolution of the gouge layer.
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Thomas Nagel, Maximilian Bittens, Jörg Buchwald, Aqeel A. Chaudhry, Oliver G. Ernst, Werner Gräsle, Feliks Kiszkurno, Kata Kurgyis, Jobst Maßmann, Sibylle Mayr, Jan Thiedau, and Chao Zhang
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Computer simulations are used to understand processes in nuclear waste disposal. The results are used to judge the safety of waste repository. Not all the information needed for such analyses, e.g. rock properties, is precisely known, contributing to uncertainty in the analysis results. We are interested in understanding the effect of the uncertainty of input quantities and of certain simplifications made during model creation on the outcome of computer simulations.
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For the deep geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste in rock salt formations, the safety concept includes the backfilling of open cavities with crushed salt. For the prognosis of the sealing function of the backfill for the safe containment of the nuclear waste, it is crucial to have a comprehensive process understanding of the crushed-salt compaction behavior. The KOMPASS projects were initiated to improve the scientific knowledge of using crushed salt as backfill material.
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The SW-A experiment is a large-scale in situ test at the Mont Terri rock laboratory that implements a vertical hydraulic shaft-sealing system in argillaceous host rock. The response of the system and the surrounding rock to hydration is examined. The experiment objectives are to demonstrate the feasibility of installation, to investigate the saturation process, to qualify measurement and monitoring techniques, and to assess the sealing effectiveness. Recent data and experience are presented.
Jan Thiedau, Maximilian Bittens, Jobst Maßmann, and Sibylle Mayr
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 2, 103–103, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-103-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-2-103-2023, 2023
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The assessment of the integrity of the geological barrier for repositories for nuclear waste can be significantly influenced by uncertainties in the model inputs. Hence, the results of these established integrity analyses should be enriched by statistical information. In this contribution, we present preliminary probabilistic results for rock integrity assessment for the generic repository system in clay rock and the developed tools for stochastic analyses.
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Solid Earth, 13, 901–915, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-901-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-901-2022, 2022
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Triaxial compression tests at different effective stresses allow for analysing the deformation behaviour of Opalinus Clay, the potential host rock for nuclear waste in Switzerland. We conducted microstructural investigations of the deformed samples to relate the bulk hydro-mechanical behaviour to the processes on the microscale. Results show a transition from brittle- to more ductile-dominated deformation. We propose a non-linear failure envelop associated with the failure mode transition.
Larissa Friedenberg, James Bean, Oliver Czaikowski, Uwe Düsterloh, Nina Müller-Hoeppe, Ben Laurich, Christian Lerch, Svetlana Lerche, Christoph Lüdeling, Melissa Mills, Till Popp, Benjamin Reedlunn, Dieter Stührenberg, Kristoff Svensson, Kornelia Zemke, and Juan Zhao
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 121–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-121-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-121-2021, 2021
Kornelia Zemke, Kristoff Svensson, Ben Laurich, and Johanna Lippmann-Pipke
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 137–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-137-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-137-2021, 2021
Kristoff Svensson, Kornelia Zemke, and Ben Laurich
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 131–132, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-131-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-131-2021, 2021
Klaus Wieczorek, Katja Emmerich, Rainer Schuhmann, Jürgen Hesser, Markus Furche, David Jaeggi, Senecio Schefer, Jan Aurich, Juan Carlos Mayor, Simon Norris, Ken Birch, Manuel Sentis, José Luis García-Siñeriz, Franz Königer, Uwe Glaubach, Christopher Rölke, and Ralf Diedel
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 133–135, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-133-2021, 2021
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A Sandwich shaft sealing system consists of alternating sealing segments (DS) of bentonite and equipotential segments (ES) with a high hydraulic conductivity. Water accessing the system results in swelling of the DS. Within the ES the water is evenly distributed over the cross section of the seal. Thus, swelling is more homogeneous and seal bypass is reduced. At the Mont Terri rock laboratory, this sealing system is tested in connection with the host rock in a large-scale in-situ experiment.
Lisa Winhausen, Mohammadreza Jalali, and Florian Amann
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 301–301, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-301-2021, 2021
Gesa Ziefle, Tuanny Cajuhi, Sebastian Condamin, Stephan Costabel, Oliver Czaikowski, Antoine Fourriére, Larissa Friedenberg, Markus Furche, Nico Graebling, Bastian Graupner, Jürgen Hesser, David Jaeggi, Kyra Jantschik, Tilo Kneuker, Olaf Kolditz, Franz Königer, Herbert Kunz, Ben Laurich, Jobst Maßmann, Christian Ostertag-Henning, Dorothee Rebscher, Karsten Rink, Wolfram Rühaak, Senecio Schefer, Rainer Schuhmann, Marc Wengler, and Klaus Wieczorek
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 79–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-79-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-79-2021, 2021
Ben Laurich
Saf. Nucl. Waste Disposal, 1, 295–297, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-295-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-295-2021, 2021
Lisa Winhausen, Jop Klaver, Joyce Schmatz, Guillaume Desbois, Janos L. Urai, Florian Amann, and Christophe Nussbaum
Solid Earth, 12, 2109–2126, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2109-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2109-2021, 2021
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An experimentally deformed sample of Opalinus Clay (OPA), which is being considered as host rock for nuclear waste in Switzerland, was studied by electron microscopy to image deformation microstructures. Deformation localised by forming micrometre-thick fractures. Deformation zones show dilatant micro-cracking, granular flow and bending grains, and pore collapse. Our model, with three different stages of damage accumulation, illustrates microstructural deformation in a compressed OPA sample.
Kristof Schuster, Markus Furche, Hua Shao, Jürgen Hesser, Jan-Martin Hertzsch, Werner Gräsle, and Dorothee Rebscher
Adv. Geosci., 49, 175–186, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-49-175-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-49-175-2019, 2019
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The Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) performs experiments in the Swiss Mont Terri rock laboratory to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of a repository. Activities and results by BGR from actual and still ongoing experiments are presented exemplarily focusing on main aspects regarding the behaviour of underground facilities. BGR's focus lies mainly on aspects of the construction, post-closure transient, and partly post-closure equilibrium phases.
Ben Laurich, Janos L. Urai, Christian Vollmer, and Christophe Nussbaum
Solid Earth, 9, 1–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In Switzerland, the Opalinus Clay (OPA) formation is favored to host a repository for nuclear waste. Thus, we must know its deformation behavior. In this study, we focused on the microstructure of gouge, a thin (< 2 cm), drastically strained clay layer at the so-called Main Fault in the Mont Terri rock laboratory. We suggest that in situ gouge deforms in a more viscous manner than undeformed OPA in laboratory conditions. Moreover, we speculate about the origin and evolution of the gouge layer.
Ben Laurich, Janos L. Urai, and Christophe Nussbaum
Solid Earth, 8, 27–44, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-27-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-27-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Scaly clay is a well-known rock fabric that can develop in tectonic systems and that can alter the physical rock properties of a formation. However, the internal microstructure and evolution of this fabric remain poorly understood. We examined the scaly microstructure of progressively faulted Opalinus Clay using optical as well as scanning electron microscopy. We show that as little as 1 vol.% in scaly clay aggregates is strained and present an evolutionary model for this.