This study examines how environmental factors (sunlight, pH, salinity, and surface chemistry) affect air-water interface reactions. Using a surface-specific technique, sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, we found that compounds like 4-BBA not only act as photosensitizers but also generate new surface-active products under UV light. These reactions have implications for oceans, lakes, and clouds, providing crucial insights for modeling natural processes.

Decisions associated with radioactive waste management are made in the presence of irreducible and reducible uncertainties. Here, the identification of such uncertainties (namely numerical ones), their ranking according to relevance, their categorization, the elucidation of internal dependencies and cross-interactions is addressed. Suitable methodologies to analyse and illustrate complex uncertainty patterns are discussed.

In the context of the safety of a nuclear waste repository, we have investigated the uranium(VI) reduction by different microbial strains from deep geological layers. The results showed significant differences between the reduction behavior of sulfate- and iron-reducing bacteria. The investigated sulfate-reducing microorganism showed a speciation-dependent uranium(VI) reduction. In contrast, the iron reducer was able to reduce different uranium(VI) complexes and showed an uptake of uranium.

THEREDA represents a web-based system of programs enabling access to thermodynamic reference data for the needs of the final disposal of radioactive waste in Germany. It is the only polythermal database worldwide that covers the entire system of oceanic salts, including acids, bases and carbonates. THEREDA aims at calculation of solubilities in high-saline solutions and uses the Pitzer approach.

In the last few years, we have studied the immobilization of the long-lived fission product technetium-99 (⁹⁹Tc) by various Fe(II) minerals. Those minerals enable the reduction of Tc(VII) to Tc(IV), which is crucial to decrease the migration of technetium in the environment. In the future, we want to analyze Tc immobilization strategies under more complex systems that could, in a more realistic way, improve environmental conditions.